Everything you need to know before buying real estate is included in our Finland Property Pack
If you're reading this, chances are you're contemplating the exciting possibility of moving to Finland. Whether you're seeking an escape from the mundane, a new career opportunity, or just an incredible experience, this expat guide is your go-to resource for making that leap to that country.
In this article, we'll dive into all the essential aspects of relocating to Finland, from visas and accommodation to cultural etiquette and local cuisine.
Also, if you're interested in making a property investment in Finland, please note that you can get our pack of documents related to the real estate market in Finland. This pack will also give you unlimited access to our team of experts, allowing you to ask them anything related to Finland.
Moving to Finland
The expat population in Finland
Finland stands out as a destination for many due to its unique combination of social, environmental, and economic factors.
When considering why people choose Finland over its neighboring countries, several key aspects come into play.Firstly, Finland is renowned for its high quality of life.
This encompasses excellent public services, a strong sense of community, and an emphasis on work-life balance.
The Finnish education system, for instance, is one of the best in the world, offering equal opportunities to all. This is a significant draw for families and those planning to start a family.
The country's natural beauty is another major attraction.
From the stunning Northern Lights to the serene lakes and forests, Finland offers a peaceful and clean environment. This appeals to those who love outdoor activities and those seeking a tranquil lifestyle away from the hustle and bustle of big cities.
Economically, Finland has a stable and prosperous economy with a strong emphasis on innovation and technology. This makes it an attractive destination for professionals in these fields, as well as entrepreneurs looking to tap into a tech-savvy market.
In terms of social welfare, Finland's system is among the best globally, providing comprehensive healthcare and social security.
This safety net is reassuring for individuals and families, making it a preferred choice for those who prioritize social security and health care.
However, there are reasons why Finland might not be suitable for everyone.
The climate can be a significant deterrent, with long, dark winters that can affect mood and overall well-being. This can be challenging for people from sunnier climates.
Language can be another barrier. While many Finns speak excellent English, Finnish and Swedish are the official languages, and navigating daily life or finding employment might require proficiency in one of these languages.
Culturally, Finland is known for its reserved social norms. People who thrive in more outgoing and expressive cultures might find the Finnish way of life a bit too quiet or reserved.
In terms of challenges, adapting to the local culture and lifestyle can be difficult for some. The Finnish social fabric is tightly knit, and integrating into local communities may take time and effort.
Also, the cost of living in Finland is relatively high, especially in cities like Helsinki. This can be a challenge for those not moving for high-paying jobs or without adequate financial preparation.
Visas and immigration in Finland
Finland offers a variety of visas and residence permits for expats, each tailored to different purposes and durations of stay.
The most common types of visas include tourist visas, which are for short stays, and various types of residence permits. Residence permits are categorized based on the purpose of stay, such as work, study, family ties, or other specific reasons like entrepreneurship.
The Finnish immigration service, Migri, is the authority handling these applications.
Regarding the ease of obtaining a visa or residence permit, it depends on your home country, the purpose of your stay, and your individual circumstances.
Compared to some countries, Finland's process can be stringent, with a strong emphasis on documentation and adherence to specific requirements. For non-EU citizens, for instance, work-based residence permits often require proof of a job offer from a Finnish employer.
When it comes to visa renewals, it's important to apply well in advance of your current visa or permit expiring.
Renewal applications typically require demonstrating that the conditions of your original permit are still met. For example, if you have a work-based residence permit, you'll need to show continued employment in the same field.
For expats seeking a long-term visa or residence permit, the requirements and processes vary. Generally, you'll need to provide comprehensive documentation, including proof of sufficient funds, health insurance, and accommodation.
For work-based permits, you must have a job offer, and for study-based permits, an acceptance letter from an educational institution. The process involves submitting an application either online or at a Finnish embassy or consulate, followed by waiting for processing and approval.
Now, if you're facing legal issues related to visas, residency, or other legal matters in Finland, there are several avenues for assistance.
While seeking help from organizations like the Finnish Immigration Service (Migri) is common, you can also consult legal advisors or immigration lawyers. Many law firms in Finland specialize in immigration law and can provide guidance tailored to your specific situation.
Additionally, some non-profit organizations and community groups offer support and advice to expats. These can be valuable resources, especially if you're looking for experiences of people who've gone through similar processes.
It's also advisable to stay informed about the latest immigration laws and policies in Finland, as these can change.
Keeping up with official communications from Migri and the Finnish government will ensure you have the most current information.
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Renting or buying a property in Finland
If you consider buying a property in Finland, we have prepared everything you need in our property pack for Finland.
In Finland, the housing options are diverse, catering to a range of preferences and budgets.
When it comes to renting, apartments are the most common type of housing in urban areas, while detached houses are more prevalent in rural regions.
The rental prices vary significantly across different regions of Finland. In cities like Helsinki, Espoo, and Vantaa, which form the greater Helsinki area, rental prices are considerably higher due to the high demand and the concentration of jobs and educational institutions. In contrast, smaller towns and more remote areas have substantially lower rental costs.
Several factors influence rental costs in Finland. Location is the primary factor with properties in city centers or in areas with good public transport connections being generally more expensive.
The age and condition of the building, the size of the apartment, and amenities like saunas, balconies, or a modern kitchen also play a role in determining the rent. In Finland, having a sauna in the apartment or building is quite common and can affect the rental price.
For foreigners looking to buy property in Finland, the process is straightforward with no major restrictions.
Foreigners, regardless of their nationality, can own property in Finland. This openness makes Finland an attractive destination for international investors and expatriates.
However, there are some considerations to keep in mind. Firstly, while there's no legal restriction on foreign ownership, the process of obtaining financing from Finnish banks may require a more substantial down payment or proof of income.
Additionally, when purchasing property, there are associated costs such as transfer tax, legal fees, and potential real estate agent fees.
It's also important to be aware of the Finnish housing market's unique features.
For instance, many apartments are sold as part of a housing cooperative (Asunto-osakeyhtiö), where you buy shares of the cooperative that entitle you to live in a specific apartment. This system is quite common in Finland and differs from direct property ownership prevalent in many other countries.
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Retirement in Finland
Retiring in Finland is an attractive option for many, both locals and expats, due to various factors specific to the country and understanding the typical profile of retirees and the challenges they face in Finland is important for anyone considering this as their retirement destination.
People usually retire in Finland for its high quality of life and robust social welfare system.
Finland is known for its beautiful, tranquil environment, excellent healthcare, and a strong sense of community and safety. These factors make it an ideal place for a peaceful and secure retirement.
The typical retiree in Finland is someone who values a quiet, nature-oriented lifestyle. They often appreciate the country's emphasis on outdoor activities, like walking, fishing, or berry picking, which are popular pastimes among the Finnish elderly.
Finnish retirees also tend to be community-oriented, participating in local events and activities organized by various senior centers and organizations.
While there are no specific retirement communities as seen in some countries, Finland offers a range of living options suitable for retirees. These include smaller apartments in urban areas close to amenities and healthcare facilities, and houses in more rural settings for those who prefer a closer connection to nature.
Some expats prefer areas in the southern part of Finland, especially around the Helsinki metropolitan area, for better access to international communities and services.
Retiring in Finland also comes with its set of challenges.
The climate can be a significant factor, with long, cold winters that might be difficult for some, especially those from warmer climates.
The language barrier can be another issue, as Finnish is a challenging language to learn, and while many Finns speak English, everyday life and some services might still require proficiency in Finnish.
Another challenge is the cost of living, which can be high, particularly in major cities. Retirees need to ensure they have sufficient funds to cover their living expenses, including housing, healthcare, and leisure activities.
It's also important to understand the Finnish tax system, as pensions and other retirement incomes are subject to taxation.
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Living in Finland
Cost of living
Living comfortably in Finland requires a certain income level, which varies depending on location and lifestyle.
The cost of living can be quite high, especially in major cities. To give you a general idea, in USD and EUR, the range for a comfortable living might be around $2,000 to $3,500 (roughly €1,800 to €3,150) per month. In Finnish currency, this translates to approximately 1,800 to 3,150 euros.
It's important to note that the actual amount can vary based on personal lifestyle, family size, and specific needs.
In major cities like Helsinki, Espoo, and Tampere, the cost of living is generally higher compared to smaller towns and rural areas. Helsinki, being the capital and largest city, has the highest living costs. Rent is a significant part of monthly expenses, with Helsinki having the highest rental prices. In smaller cities like Turku or Oulu, you might find living costs slightly lower, primarily due to cheaper housing.
Groceries in Finland are of high quality but can be pricey. A monthly grocery bill for a single person might range from $200 to $400 (approximately €180 to €360). Dining out is also quite expensive; a meal at an average-priced restaurant could cost around $15 to $30 (about €13 to €27) per person.
Transportation costs depend on how often you travel and the mode of transportation. Public transport in Finnish cities is efficient and reliable. A monthly public transport pass in Helsinki, for example, might cost around $60 to $70 (about €54 to €63). If you use a car, expenses would be higher due to fuel costs, insurance, and maintenance.
For expats looking to save costs, there are several tips to consider. Opting for housing outside the city center can significantly reduce rent expenses. Utilizing public transportation instead of owning a car can also cut down costs. Shopping at local markets and cooking at home rather than eating out frequently can help manage food expenses. Additionally, taking advantage of free outdoor activities and public amenities can contribute to a cost-effective lifestyle.
Comparing the cost of living in Finland to other Western countries, it's generally on the higher side, particularly in comparison to Southern European countries or the United States. However, it might be comparable or slightly lower than in countries like Switzerland, Norway, or Denmark. It's essential for expats to consider these differences and plan their finances accordingly.
Social and leisure activities in Finland
Expats in Finland often find themselves drawn to the unique range of leisure activities that the country has to offer, shaped largely by its natural landscape and cultural norms.
Finland is known for its love of the outdoors, and this is reflected in the popular activities among both locals and expats.
One of the most popular sports in Finland is cross-country skiing, especially in the winter months. The country's extensive trails and beautiful winter landscapes make it an ideal place for this activity. Ice skating and ice hockey are also widely enjoyed during the colder seasons.
In the warmer months, activities shift to hiking, cycling, and kayaking, with Finland's numerous lakes and forests providing the perfect backdrop.
Another uniquely Finnish recreational activity is the sauna. Almost every Finnish home has a sauna, and it's a significant part of the local culture. Going to the sauna is not just a leisure activity but also a social one, where people relax and converse in a calm and warm environment.
For expats looking to socialize and connect with others, there are numerous expat communities and clubs.
These organizations often organize events, gatherings, and activities that cater to various interests, from sports to cultural outings. They are great platforms for meeting new people, including both fellow expats and locals interested in international friendships.
Nightlife in Finland, especially in major cities like Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, offers a range of experiences. From cozy pubs and bars to lively nightclubs and music venues, there's something for every taste.
The Finns are known for their reserved nature, but this changes in the nightlife scene, where people are more open and social.
Local people in Finland generally enjoy a good party, especially during weekends and in summer when there are numerous festivals and outdoor events.
They do mix with foreigners, and you'll find a welcoming and inclusive atmosphere in most social settings. Language is seldom a barrier as most Finns speak good English.
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Food and cuisine in Finland
When it comes to local dishes and street food, there are several must-try items that embody the essence of Finnish cuisine.
One of the quintessential Finnish dishes is 'Karjalanpiirakka' (Karelian pies), a small, rye-crusted pastry usually filled with rice, barley, or mashed potatoes. Often served with 'munavoi', a mixture of butter and boiled egg, these pies are a staple in Finnish homes and cafes.
Another popular item is 'Ruisleipä' (Finnish rye bread), known for its dense texture and robust flavor, commonly eaten with cheese, cold cuts, or smoked salmon.
For those who enjoy fish, 'Kalakukko' (fish pie) and 'Graavilohi' (cured salmon) are must-tries. Finland, with its abundance of lakes, has a rich tradition of using fresh fish in its cuisine. 'Poronkäristys' (sauteed reindeer) is another traditional dish, often served with mashed potatoes and lingonberry sauce, offering a taste of the Lapland region.
When it comes to street food, 'Lihapiirakka' (a deep-fried meat pie) is a popular choice. It's a savory snack that you'll often find in city markets and street food stalls.
Additionally, during summer, Finns love to barbecue, and you'll find various meats and vegetables being grilled at outdoor events and cottages.
Hygiene and food safety in Finland are taken very seriously.
The country has strict regulations and high standards for food safety, so you can be assured of the cleanliness and quality of food in restaurants and street food vendors.
Local restaurants and eateries in Finland are generally accommodating to dietary restrictions and preferences. Many places offer vegetarian, vegan, gluten-free, and lactose-free options. Allergies are taken seriously, and it's common for menus to list potential allergens.
For those with religious dietary preferences, while halal and kosher options might not be widely available in all restaurants, larger cities like Helsinki have more diverse offerings.
International cuisine is well-represented in Finland, especially in urban areas. You can find a variety of restaurants serving Asian, European, Middle Eastern, and American cuisine.
While dining out in Finland can be more expensive than in some other countries, there are options to suit different budgets, from upscale restaurants to more affordable cafes and bistros.
In terms of food that is difficult to find, certain exotic ingredients and specific international food items may not be as readily available, especially outside the major cities. However, larger supermarkets and specialty stores in cities often stock a wide range of international products.
Healthcare system in Finland
Finland's healthcare system is known for its high quality and efficiency, making it a reliable option for expats.
Comparatively, it stands out for its accessibility and public healthcare system, which is considered one of the best in Europe and is often rated more favorably than healthcare systems in the US in terms of cost and coverage.
In Finland, the public healthcare system is funded by taxes and is available to all residents, including expats who have registered and obtained a Finnish personal identity code. This system covers a wide range of medical services, from general practitioner visits to specialized treatments and surgeries.
The quality of care is high, and the system includes all necessary medical facilities and services, meaning there's usually no need for expatriation for intense surgeries or specialized medical care.
In addition to the public system, there are also private healthcare options in Finland. Private healthcare can offer shorter waiting times and more flexibility in choosing specialists.
The costs for private healthcare vary, but generally, consultations can range from €60 to €150 ($70 to $175), while more complex treatments and surgeries can cost significantly more. The exact costs depend on the treatment and the facility.
Emergency medical services in Finland are highly responsive and efficient. In case of an emergency, response times are generally fast, and the level of care is excellent. This applies to both public and private services.
Expats living in Finland should have health insurance.
For EU citizens, a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) can provide coverage under the public healthcare system. Non-EU expats will typically need private health insurance, at least until they are registered as residents and covered by the public system.
Health insurance can be obtained from various international insurance companies, and the costs vary depending on coverage. Basic plans might start at around €30 to €50 ($35 to $60) per month, while more comprehensive plans can be significantly higher.
Medical treatments and procedures in Finland, under the public healthcare system, come with a nominal fee for residents, including expats registered in the system. These fees are much lower compared to costs in the US healthcare system.
For example, a general doctor's visit might cost around €20 to €30 ($23 to $35), and hospital stays have a capped daily fee. Without insurance, the costs are higher, especially if using private healthcare services, and can vary widely based on the treatment.
Medical billing in Finland is straightforward. In the public system, patients are billed directly for their share of the service costs, which are typically paid at the time of the appointment or via an invoice.
For those with private insurance, the process can involve paying upfront and then seeking reimbursement from their insurance provider, or in some cases, the healthcare provider bills the insurance company directly.
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Transportation system in Finland
Transportation in Finland offers various options to suit different needs, making it convenient for expats to navigate the country.
The public transportation system is particularly noteworthy for its efficiency and coverage, especially in larger cities like Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku. It includes buses, trams, trains, and in Helsinki, a metro system.
These services are known for their punctuality, cleanliness, and reliability.
One of the convenient features is the integrated ticketing system in metropolitan areas, where a single ticket can be used across different modes of transport. Additionally, there are various ticket options, from single fares to day passes and longer-term season tickets, making it flexible for different usage needs.
In terms of traffic, Finland is generally well-managed with much less congestion compared to larger European cities. However, during peak hours in major cities, some traffic can be expected.
As for road conditions, they are well-maintained throughout the year. Finland experiences harsh winters, but the authorities are efficient in keeping the roads clear and safe. Road signage is clear and usually available in Finnish and Swedish, with major signs also in English.
For expats wishing to drive, the requirements in Finland are straightforward.
If you have an EU or EEA driving license, you can use it in Finland. For those from non-EU countries, an international driving permit, along with your national driving license, is often required. This permit is usually valid for a certain period, after which you may need to obtain a Finnish driving license.
The process involves a driving test, which includes both a theory and practical component.
Additionally, when driving in Finland, it's important to be aware of local driving laws and regulations. For instance, the use of headlights is mandatory at all times, and there are strict regulations regarding drink-driving.
The legal blood alcohol limit in Finland is lower than in many other countries, so it’s advisable to avoid drinking altogether if you plan to drive.
Public transport in Finland extends to rural areas as well, but with less frequency and coverage. For those living or working in more remote locations, having a car might be more practical.
The country also has an excellent network of cycle paths, and cycling is a popular mode of transport, especially during the warmer months.
Education system in Finland
Finland is known for being exceptionally family-friendly, which extends to expat families as well, reflecting in its education system, childcare facilities, and general attitude towards family life.
For expat families, one of the primary considerations is schooling for children. Finland is renowned for its high-quality education system, which is considered one of the best in the world. This includes options for international schooling as well as integration into the local education system.
International schools are a popular choice for expat families, offering curricula that are familiar to children from their home countries. These schools often follow the International Baccalaureate (IB) curriculum or the curricula of specific countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, or France. Examples of international schools in Finland include the International School of Helsinki and the English School in Helsinki.
The costs for international schools vary, but they can range from around €8,000 to €20,000 ($9,500 to $23,800) per year, depending on the school and age level of the child.
Alternatively, expat families may choose to enroll their children in the local Finnish schools.
One of the biggest advantages of local schools is that they are free, as public education in Finland is funded by the government. This includes not only tuition but also meals and basic school materials.
Finnish schools offer a high standard of education, with a focus on holistic development, individualized learning, and less emphasis on standardized testing.
However, the primary language of instruction in these schools is Finnish or Swedish, which can be a barrier for children who do not speak these languages. To address this, many local schools offer Finnish as a Second Language programs to help non-native speakers integrate.
For younger children, Finland offers excellent childcare and early education programs. Again, these are either free or available at a very low cost to residents, including expats.
The Finnish early education system is highly regarded for its quality and focus on play-based learning.
In terms of family life, Finland is very accommodating.
The country boasts a strong emphasis on work-life balance, ample family benefits, and a safe, clean environment. There are numerous family-oriented activities and spaces, such as parks, museums, and recreational facilities.
For expat families considering whether to choose an international or local school, key factors include the length of their stay in Finland, their future educational plans, and their children’s ability and willingness to learn a new language.
While international schools offer continuity with education systems in other countries, local schools provide an immersive experience into Finnish culture and language.
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Work and business in Finland
The job market in Finland offers diverse opportunities for expats, but it also presents certain challenges.
Expats in Finland are found in a variety of sectors.
The technology sector is particularly robust, with opportunities in IT, engineering, and telecommunications. Finland is home to several tech giants and startups, especially in cities like Helsinki and Espoo.
There's also a demand for professionals in healthcare, education, and business services.
Additionally, due to its thriving tourism industry, there are employment opportunities in hospitality and travel-related services, particularly for those with language skills.
Regarding restrictions, there are no specific job types that are categorically forbidden for foreigners. However, certain positions, especially in government or defense, may require Finnish citizenship or fluency in Finnish due to security or legal reasons.
Language proficiency is an important factor in the Finnish job market.
While many Finns speak excellent English and there are positions where English is the working language, knowing Finnish or Swedish can significantly broaden job opportunities and is essential in certain sectors.
For business interactions, especially in local companies, Finnish is often preferred. However, in multinational companies and startups, English is commonly used.
Work permit requirements for expats vary depending on their nationality. EU citizens do not need a work permit to work in Finland. For non-EU citizens, a residence permit for work is required, and this is usually tied to a specific job or employer.
The application process involves proving that you have a job offer and that your salary meets the minimum requirements set by the Finnish government.
Expats typically find employment opportunities in Finland through various channels.
Online job portals and recruitment agencies are commonly used. Networking, both online and in-person, is also crucial, as many jobs are filled through personal connections. LinkedIn and local expat groups can be valuable resources for job seekers.
Regarding entrepreneurship, Finland is conducive to starting a business, and expats can do so fairly easily. The country offers a supportive environment for startups, with various government programs and incentives available.
There are no major restrictions on foreigners starting a business in Finland. However, navigating the legal and bureaucratic aspects can be challenging, especially for those not fluent in Finnish.
It's advisable to seek advice from local business advisors or organizations that support startups.
Banking and finance in Finland
The banking system in Finland is highly developed, secure, and can be favorably compared to banking systems in the US and other parts of Europe.
It is characterized by its robustness, modern technological integration, and customer-centric services, making it both reliable and convenient for expats.
In terms of safety, Finnish banks are well-regulated and follow strict European Union standards. The banks are part of the Deposit Guarantee Scheme, which means that customers' deposits are protected up to a certain limit, similar to FDIC insurance in the US.
This makes the banking system in Finland very secure for both residents and expats.
Opening a bank account in Finland as an expat is relatively straightforward but requires some documentation. Typically, you would need a valid passport, proof of Finnish address, and possibly your Finnish personal identity code (henkilötunnus). Some banks might also ask for proof of employment or study in Finland.
While the process is generally easy, it can be slightly more complex for non-EU residents due to additional compliance checks.
Finnish banks offer a range of services that you would expect from modern banks, including savings and checking accounts, loans, credit cards, investment products, and insurance services.
The banks are known for their customer service and offer services in English, which is a significant plus for expats.
Online banking is very well developed in Finland. Most, if not all, banking services can be managed online, and the user interfaces are typically clean, intuitive, and available in multiple languages, including English.
Mobile banking apps are also widely used and offer a convenient way to manage finances on the go.
ATM access in Finland is excellent, with machines widely available in cities and towns. You can also find ATMs in rural areas, though they are less frequent. ATMs accept most international cards, and withdrawing cash is usually straightforward.
Transferring money into and out of Finland is relatively easy, with banks offering various options for international transfers.
However, it's important to be aware of the fees and exchange rates applied to these transactions. Online services like TransferWise or Revolut can sometimes offer more favorable rates for international transfers.
For expats moving to Finland, there are some tax and financial planning considerations to keep in mind.
Finland has a comprehensive taxation system, and understanding how it applies to your income is crucial. This includes understanding the tax implications of any income you might have from abroad.
It's advisable to consult with a tax professional to understand your obligations and to plan effectively.
Buying real estate in Finland can be risky
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Culture and social norms in Finland
Finnish culture is unique, with a blend of modernity and deep-rooted traditions and understanding and respecting the cultural nuances of Finland is important for expats to integrate smoothly into Finnish society.
One of the fundamental aspects of Finnish culture is the value placed on honesty and directness.
Finns are known for their straightforward communication style. This means that small talk is not as common, and they usually prefer getting straight to the point. However, this directness is not to be mistaken for rudeness; it's simply a cultural norm.
Respect for personal space and privacy is another key aspect. Finns generally have a large personal space bubble and value quietness. In public spaces like buses or trains, it's common to see people sitting by themselves, and it's respectful to maintain this distance unless necessary.
Also, it's customary to avoid loud conversations and disturbances in public areas.
Punctuality is highly valued in Finnish culture. Whether it's a business meeting or a social gathering, being on time is considered a sign of respect. If you are going to be late, it's polite to inform the concerned parties as soon as possible.
Regarding English proficiency, Finland ranks high. Most Finns, especially the younger generation and professionals, speak fluent English.
However, learning the local language, Finnish or Swedish in some areas, can significantly help in integrating into the society. While it's not absolutely necessary for daily living in urban areas, knowing the local language can open up more opportunities, both professionally and socially.
Adapting to the local culture can be achieved by participating in local traditions and activities. Finland has a rich array of cultural events, festivals, and outdoor activities.
Engaging in these activities can provide deeper insights into Finnish culture and offer opportunities to meet and interact with locals.
For expats looking to build meaningful relationships with Finns, it's important to understand the typically reserved nature of Finns.
Building trust and friendship may take time, but once established, these relationships are often deep and long-lasting. Joining local clubs, community groups, or classes can be a good way to meet people with similar interests.
Additionally, showing interest in Finnish culture, history, and language is appreciated and can be a great conversation starter.
Safety and security in Finland
Finland is widely regarded as one of the safest countries in the world for expats.
Its crime rates are relatively low, and the country is known for its stable society, high level of social trust, and effective legal system. However, like any country, it has its own set of safety considerations.
One of the key strengths of Finland in terms of safety is its low rate of violent crime. Instances of serious crimes such as muggings, armed robbery, or assault are uncommon, especially compared to global averages.
Petty crimes like pickpocketing or minor theft do occur but are not prevalent and are usually concentrated in areas with high tourist traffic, such as major city centers or popular attractions.
A specific type of crime that is somewhat unique to Finland, particularly in rural areas, is related to cottage break-ins. These typically occur during off-season times when summer cottages are left unoccupied.
However, this is more of a concern for property owners rather than a direct safety issue for expats.
Regarding safety precautions, general common-sense measures are sufficient. This includes being aware of your surroundings, securing personal belongings in public places, and avoiding unlit or less populated areas late at night.
In winter, due to extreme weather conditions and reduced daylight hours, it's advisable to be cautious when driving or engaging in outdoor activities.
The legal system in Finland is robust and expat-friendly. It upholds the rule of law and provides equal protection to all residents, including expats.
The police are generally approachable, professional, and often speak English, which can be reassuring for expats in need of assistance.
In terms of safe zones, most of Finland is considered safe. This includes major cities like Helsinki, Espoo, Tampere, and Turku, as well as smaller towns and rural areas.
There are no specific zones that are broadly unsafe, but like in any city, certain neighborhoods might have slightly higher incidences of petty crime. However, these do not generally pose a significant threat, especially if standard precautions are taken.
It's also worth noting that in Finnish culture, trust in fellow citizens and institutions is high, which contributes to the overall sense of safety.
Community-oriented approaches and a well-functioning social welfare system further enhance this environment.
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Religion and spirituality in Finland
The main religion in Finland is Christianity, with the largest denomination being the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, which plays a significant role in Finnish culture and history.
While that is true, the general attitude towards religion in Finland is relatively secular. Many Finns view religion as a private matter rather than a public display of faith.
Church attendance is relatively low, and day-to-day life is not heavily influenced by religious practices for the majority of the population. This secular outlook means that while people may be members of a church, they might not actively practice or participate in religious services regularly.
When it comes to openness to other religions, Finland is generally tolerant and inclusive. The Finnish constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and this is reflected in the respectful attitude towards different faiths.
You will find a variety of religious communities in Finland, including Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, though these are much smaller in numbers compared to the Lutheran and Orthodox churches.
For expats practicing a different religion, accessing religious or spiritual activities and places of worship is quite feasible, especially in larger cities.
Helsinki, for example, has mosques, synagogues, and churches of different Christian denominations. The capital and other major cities also host communities and cultural centers for various religions, providing opportunities for worship, community activities, and cultural events.
To find these places of worship and religious communities, expats can use online resources, reach out to their country's embassy, or connect with local cultural associations.
Social media and expat groups are also valuable resources for finding religious communities and activities. These communities can be welcoming spaces for expats to practice their faith and find a sense of belonging in a new country.
In smaller towns and rural areas, the variety of religious facilities might be more limited.
However, in recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the need for diverse religious services, and efforts are being made to accommodate different faiths even in less populated areas.
Climate and environment in Finland
Finland's climate varies significantly across its regions, influencing lifestyle choices and activities for expats living there.
In Southern Finland, including cities like Helsinki and Turku, the climate is generally milder compared to the rest of the country.
The summers are pleasant, with temperatures typically ranging from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). This is the season when Finns enjoy outdoor activities like hiking, cycling, and barbecuing. The winters, however, can be cold and dark, with temperatures often dropping below freezing and snow being common.
Moving to Central Finland, the climate becomes more continental with colder winters and warmer summers. Cities like Jyväskylä experience more snowfall, and winter temperatures can frequently drop to -20°C (-4°F) or lower. Summer temperatures can rise above 25°C (77°F), making it ideal for summer activities like lake swimming and fishing.
In Northern Finland, particularly in Lapland, the climate is subarctic.
Winters are long and harsh, with very cold temperatures that can plummet to -30°C (-22°F) or even lower. This region experiences the famous "Kaamos", the polar night when the sun doesn't rise above the horizon for several weeks. Conversely, during the summer, there's the phenomenon of the "Midnight Sun", where the sun stays above the horizon for several weeks.
The unique climate in Lapland makes it a popular destination for winter sports like skiing and for experiencing the Northern Lights.
Regarding health risks associated with the climate, Finland doesn’t have tropical diseases. However, the long, dark winters in the north can affect mental health, with some people experiencing Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
It's important for expats to be aware of this and take steps to mitigate the effects, such as using light therapy or maintaining an active lifestyle.
Allergies, particularly pollen allergies in spring and early summer, can also be a concern for some individuals.
The climate also impacts air quality and access to clean water, which are excellent throughout Finland. The country is known for its pristine natural environment, and even in cities, the air quality is generally very good.
Finland is also rich in freshwater resources, and the tap water is safe and clean to drink almost everywhere.
Finland is not prone to major natural disasters like earthquakes or hurricanes.
The most significant natural challenges are related to the weather, such as heavy snowfall in winter which can impact transportation, or occasional summer heatwaves.
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This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Readers are advised to consult with a qualified professional before making any investment decisions. We do not assume any liability for actions taken based on the information provided.